Countries like India, Japan, China, and South Korea are establishing hydrogen transport programs driven by various motivations. Japan aims to create a hydrogen society, while South Korea focuses on an integrated industrial hydrogen ecosystem. China is building a fuel-cell supply chain for export competitiveness, and India is pursuing low-cost rail retrofits to enhance self-sufficiency.
Analysts, including Rajeev Pandey from Rystad Energy, acknowledge hydrogen's potential to decarbonize industries but caution that its commercial feasibility will likely emerge in defined sectors by the 2030s and 2040s.
South Korea and India are expected to lead in hydrogen train adoption, with India recently launching its first hydrogen-powered train and planning to deploy 35 more under its 'Hydrogen for Heritage' initiative. Investment in hydrogen technology is significant, with India projected to attract around $34 billion for green hydrogen and ammonia capacity by 2030.
Japan's East Japan Railway plans to introduce its hydrogen-hybrid train by 2027, while South Korea is investing heavily in hydrogen tram projects. The global hydrogen train market is anticipated to grow significantly, reflecting a broader strategy for hydrogen market development.
This shift towards hydrogen is also seen as a way to enhance energy security and reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels, especially for countries like India and China. Overall, the push for hydrogen transport represents a strategic move for these nations to maintain industrial competitiveness and foster a sustainable energy future