Israeli voters are set to participate in an election that follows the devastating Hamas attacks on October 7, 2023, which resulted in approximately 1,200 deaths and over 250 abductions. The subsequent Israeli military campaign in Gaza has reportedly led to over 74,500 Palestinian deaths.
This election is significant as it is the first since the U.S. and Israel initiated joint military actions against Iran in February. The electoral system in Israel operates on a proportional representation basis, requiring parties to secure at least 3.25% of the vote to gain seats in the Knesset, which has 120 seats.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leading the right-wing Likud party, returned to power in late 2022 with a coalition that has faced challenges over issues like a Gaza ceasefire and military conscription for ultra-Orthodox men.
Recent polls indicate that neither Netanyahu's bloc nor the opposition, led by centrist Gadi Eisenkot, is likely to achieve a governing majority, making smaller parties crucial in coalition-building. The election is seen as a referendum on Netanyahu's leadership, particularly in light of the ongoing war and its impact on Israeli society.
Analysts suggest that the party that can best assure voters of their security will likely prevail. Economic concerns, driven by high military spending and the war's toll on families, are also central to the campaign.
The stakes extend beyond domestic politics, as the next government will influence Israel's military strategy and relations with neighbors, particularly regarding Iran and Palestinian issues.
While Netanyahu's Likud party emphasizes uncompromising security, Eisenkot's Yashar party advocates for a more progressive and secure Israel, including integrating ultra-Orthodox and Arab communities into military service.
The election outcome could lead to a shift in Israel's approach to international relations, especially if a coalition emerges that is less aggressive towards Iran and more conciliatory in its dealings with Palestinians